Marine microbes digest plastic : Nature News

“Amaral-Zettler and Mincer also found genetic and microscope evidence of eukaryotes on the plastic. What she calls the “plastisphere” might contain complex living communities. “It may be a little world that we’ve created, for better or worse.”

“The Wood’s Hole scientists aim to sample more ocean plastic and to isolate, culture and identify the microbes found on it. Then they can determine if and how they’re digesting the plastic and discover what the by-products are.”

I can’t say how much this excites me. My dive into practical microbiology started with exploration of plastic-digesting bacteria and then grew from there.

There is no end to the amazing things bacteria do. And we shouldn’t be surprised at the ability of bacteria to find a useful carbon source or electron acceptor or what. Bacteria have the numbers in their favor – large populations and quick generation times mean that bacteria can sample and evolve into “adjacent possibles”.

Fascinating creatures!

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Going Viral: Exploring the Role Of Viruses in Our Bodies

“Many of the viruses prey on the bacteria in our bodies, altering their numbers and diversity and shuffling genes—including genes for antibiotic resistance—from one bacterium to another. At the International Human Microbiome Congress earlier this month, one provocative, albeit preliminary, finding emerged: Infants with unexplained fevers harbor many more viruses than healthy infants.”

Really nice news focus on the balance between the human virome and microbiome and what it means for us humans stuck in the middle. [Alas, the article is behind a subscription – Open Access Fail].

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Three start-ups took off despite recession – The Boston Globe

“The day Dann Paquette brewed his first barrel of beer in fall 2008, the US Senate passed the $700 billion bank bailout bill. If timing is everything, he couldn’t have chosen a worse date to launch his Somerville company, Pretty Things Beer and Ale Project.”

Inspirational stories about different types of start-ups that began as the market tanked in winter of 2008.

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James King: Dressing the meat of tomorrow – Scientific American

"Growing meat without the animal sounds like a simple idea. Certainly much simpler than manipulating the genetic code. In reality there are hidden practicalities which only become apparent when you deal with the real materials and processes of biotechnology, or at least work closely with people that do. The experience of working in the lab was inspiring, but it also made me reassess the way I should work as a designer engaging with biotechnology. I realised that I couldn't keep the science at arm's length but should instead take every opportunity to get into the lab and, as Oron Catts likes to say, get my hands wet."

Great review article on synthetic meat from a guy who has his a sharp eye and creative imagination on the implications of synthetic biology.

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Microbes Give Mice Intestinal Fortitude – ScienceNOW

"The findings add to the growing understanding of the complex relationship between our health and the bacteria living in and on our bodies. They also add to the growing conviction that it might one day be possible to curb diarrhea, and prevent other diseases, by making sure our guts have the right complement of bacteria."

I saw a Nature paper on how <a href="http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v469/n7331/full/nature09646.html">Bifidobacteria can protect from enteropathogenic infection through production of acetate.</a> Both these papers suggest that there may be ways to control bacterial pathogenesis with other bacteria. Can you say probiotics?

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Plastic – Too Good to Throw Away – NYTimes.com

"“Eliminating plastic is one of the greenest actions you can do to lower your eco-footprint,” one noted while participating in a recent online challenge to be plastic-free. Is this true? Shunning plastic may seem key to the ethic of living lightly, but the environmental reality is more complex."

Really clever article questioning anti-plastic trends. The main point is not that plastic is bad but that the most harming uses of plastic have to do with behavior not the plastic (such as single use bags).

This is a good read.

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Structural biology: Breaking the protein rules : Nature News

This review brings together the research that counters the fallacy that proteins need to have a defined structure (as seen in crystal structures) to have a function. There has been a range of interesting findings regarding the requirement of disorder in protein structures. And folks are starting to tease out where and how disorder is useful.

To me, I see proteins as jiggly string with a propensity to have a certain shape. If there's a part that hangs out there, it's not necessarily totally disordered – the stretch has a conformation space it prefers, even if that space is large. And in that sampling of conformational space, that "disordered" stretch is honing in on its function.

So, no, I'm not surprised or worried bout the disorder and this paper does a great job in giving disorder its due.

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Friendly bacteria fight the flu : Nature News

“Neomycin-sensitive bacteria naturally present in the mice’s bodies provided a trigger that led to the production of T cells and antibodies that could fight an influenza infection in the lungs. When antibiotics eliminated the bacteria, inflammasomes failed to launch and the virus multiplied.”

Another paper of bacteria modulating the immune response for the whole body. I’ve seen a few that tease out different bacteria with different effects. The key thing that all these papers find is that that gut microbes can modulate immune response. If that’s the case, then we need to not only be mindful of the antibiotics we take, but also what we eat. The flora in your gut could protect you from getting sick from viruses and other nasties.

[As an aside: gotta chuckle at “inflammasome”. Do the ‘omes never end?]

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